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教案课件既关系到教学步骤，也关系到教学的课程标准，认真规划好自己教案课件是每个老师每天都要做的事情。 构建出色的教案和课件是教学任务的重中之重。在下文中您将会了解关于英语选修七教案的知识点，或许你能从中找到需要的内容！
英语选修七教案 篇1
英语：Unit1 《Art》教案（新人教版选修6） Warming-up Lead-in: In order to decorate our classroom, we have several paintings to choose from. Now I’d like you to look at the paintings in this unit. (p2 and p44) Which would you like to put up on the walls of our classroom? And why? What kind of the style for each painting? Important points: 1. include v. including prep. E.g. Thirty people, including six children, went to visit the factory. == Thirty people, six children included, went to visit the factory. (介词短语including six children可用独立主格结构six children included替换， 即including sb.=sb. included) 2. painting n.(油，水彩) 画 paint v.（用颜料）画 drawing n.(素描) 画 draw v.（用线条）勾画 3.abstract adj.抽象的，深奥的 n.摘要（of） v.摘录，提取，分离（from） (perfect adj./v increase v./n. conduct v./n.) an abstract painting 抽象画 abstract noun 抽象名词 abstract…from…从…中提取 in the abstract 抽象地，一般性地 e.g. Beauty is abstract but a house is not. e.g. Salt can be abstracted from sea water. e.g. I like dogs in the abstract, but I can’t bear this one. 4.What would you rather do … 你更愿意做什么… Pre-reading (说课p94)Reading Scanning: What were the artists interested in from 5 th to 15 th century AD? They are interested in creating respect and love for God. How did Masaccio paint his paintings? He drew things in perspective(透视画法), which make picture very realistic. Why did the impressionists have to paint quickly? Because natural light changes quickly, they had to paint quickly. Skimming Name of Ages Time Artist Feature The Middle Ages 5th to 15th century AD Giotto di Bondone religious, realistic The Renaissance 15th to16th century AD Masaccio perspective, realistic Impressionism late 19th to early 20th centurydetailed, ridiculous Modern Art 20th century to todaycontroversial, absreact, realistic Important points: influence v.& n. 影响（力）；有影响（之人或物） have an influence on/upon… 对…有影响 have influence over/with… 对…有影响力 under the influence of 受…所影响，受…所左右 e.g. The weather in summer influences the rice crops. e.g. He has no influence over his children. belief n.相信；信念；信仰；信心 believe v. belief-believe life-live proof-prove safe-save thief-thieve beyond believe 难以置信 have belief in… 对…有信心 It’s one’s belief that- 某人相信 to the best of one’s belief （某人）深信 e.g. My belief is that he will win. 我确信他会赢。 e.g. Her belief in God is very firm. 她对上帝的信仰很坚定。 consequently adv. 所以；因而(as a result) consequent adj. 作为结果的；随之发生的；由..引起（on） consequence n.结果；后果；重要性 as a consequence of 作为…的结果 in consequence of 作为…的结果 be of no consequence to sb. 对…无关紧要 take/bear/suffer the consequence of one’s action 承担行动的后果 e.g. As a/In consequence of your laziness and rudeness, I am forced to dismiss you. 由于你的懒惰和粗野，我不得不辞退你。 e.g. It’s of no consequence to me. e.g. You made the wrong decision, and now you must take the consequences. e.g. Severe flooding was consequent on the heavy rain. 大洪水是由大雨所致。 …starting from the 5th century AD. 分词短语做方式状语 e.g. Please translate the following sentences, using the words and phrases you have learnt. …the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.(不定式作表语) aim n.目标；目的；瞄准 v.瞄准；努力 aimless adj. 没有目标 take aim at 瞄准 achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目标 aim to do sth. 意欲/力求做某事 aim (sth.) at sb./sth. （用某物）瞄准某人/某物 be aimed at 目标是；目的是 e.g. What’s your aim in life? 你人生的'目标是什么？ e.g. He aimed the gun at a bird. 他用枪瞄准鸟。 …by the 13th century by prep. 在…之前，不迟于… （“by+过去时间”常与过去完成时连用；“by+将来时间”常与将来完成时连用） e.g. I had learnt eight thousand words by the end of last month. e.g. By the time this letter reaches you I will have left the country. value n.价值；（pl.）价值观 v.给…估价 be of great(some, little, no) value to… 对…有很大（一些，几乎没有，没有）价值 put great value on sth. 认为某事十分有益 go up/rise/increase in value 升值 go down/fall/drop in value 贬值 cultural/social/moral values 文化/社会/道德观念 valuable adj. 有价值的；重要的 valueless adj. (worthless) invaluable adj. (priceless) take the place of 替代，取代（replace） take one’s place 入座，就位（当one与主语指同一人时）；代替某人的职位 in the place of 代替；取代（instead of） take place 发生；被举行（无变动） e.g. Please take your place. From now on I will take the place of Mr. Li as chairman of the meeting. focus v. 使聚焦；使集中 n. 焦点 focus sth. on sth. 聚焦于；集中于 in focus 焦点对准的；清晰的 out of focus 焦点未对准的； 模糊不清的 e.g. All our eyes were focused on the speaker. 大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。 possession n. 所有；占有；（pl.）所有物；财产 possess v.占有；拥有 possessor n. 所有人；持有人 personal possessions 个人财产 in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 (主语是人，拥有某物) in sb’s possession/in the possession of sb. 为某人所有； 在某人的控制下(主语是物，为某人所有) come into possession of sth. / take possession of sth. 占有某物 e.g. He was found in possession of some dangerous drugs. == Some dangerous drugs were found in the possession of him / in his possession. e.g. The soldiers took possession of the enemy’s base. in perspective 用透视画法 perspective n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 convince vt 使确信；使信服 convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 convince sb. of sth. / that- 使某人相信 be convinced. of sth. / that- 相信 e.g. It took many hours to convince John of his wife’s mistake. e.g. We convinced Anne to go by train rather than plane. e.g. It’s hard to convince my family that we can’t afford a new car e.g. I am convinced that he is telling the truth. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, people would not have been able to paint such realistic pictures. (if条件句中表过去情况的虚拟语气) a great deal 大量；很多（a lot, much） 修饰不’ 修饰可’ 修饰可’+不’ much a large/great number of a lot of/lots of a great/good deal of large/great numbers of a large quantity of a great amount of a great/good many large quantities of dozens of(几十) plenty of scores of(几十) mostly adv. 大部分地；主要地（mainly, largely） most n.大部分；最大程度（作主，宾） adj. 大多数的（表） adv. 最，极其，非常（状） e.g. Most students say that it is a most (a very) interesting book, but it isn’t the most (最高级)interesting they’ve read, and that they read such books mostly on weekends. . be accepted as… 被认为是… nowadays adv 现今；如今 Nowadays many people travel by air scores of 许多的；大量的；几十的（修饰复数名词时，不与数词连用） e.g. I have been there scores of times. score n. （比赛）比分；（测试）分数；二十 three score (of) years 六十年 (表示“二十”时与数词连用，不加s) scores of years 许多年 与dozen用法类似 …but without the impressionists many of these painting styles would not exist…. without the impressionist介词短语相当于一虚拟条件句 if there were not the impressionists… attempt vt.& n. 尝试；努力；企图 (attempt比try更正式,且attempt 暗含不成功) attempt a difficult problem 试着解答难题 attempt to do sth 试图做某事 make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事 …using colour, line and shape to represent them. (现在分词作伴随或方式状语) e.g. He often went running to school. on the other hand 另一方面，反过来说（状） on (the) one hand 一方面 on hand 现有的，手头上的，即将发生的 Comprehending Learning about language 1. historical&nb
英语选修七教案 篇2
选修6 Module5 Period 1 主备人 授课时间及班级 Studying aims 1. Read part of the words and phrases 2. Read the passage on P58 and do some related exercises Importances of teaching understand the passage exactly Difficulties of teaching how to analyse the taxt and grasp the main idea of the text Teaching procedures Step1 Step2 Step3 step4 Vocabulary 1.Read through the words in the book with the whole class on P151-152. 2.Ask them to complete the activity individually with the help of using their dictionaries. Reading 1. Ask the student’s to open the book and read the passage Frankenstein’s Monster. 2.After reading ,let the students deal with the questions in this part ,especially pay attention to the important words and phrases. 3.Ask students to read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer ,then call back the answers from the whole class as complete sentences 1. terrify ; terrifying ; terrified 2. 强调句的格式及例句 3. make +宾语+宾补 4. throw oneself on 5. beneficial 6. contrast with 7. Exercises 1. choose the best meaning for the expressions from the passage. 2. call back the answers from the whole class as complete sentences. Summary and homework Summarize the studying aims read the words three times and master more vocabulary in class Pay attention to the words and phrases Read the passage individually .If necessary ,the teacher should give them futher explanation. Call back the answers from the whole class ,having one student read the original sentences . keep the words and phases in mind 选修6 Module5 Period 2 主备人 授课时间及班级 Studying aims 1.Read through the last words and phrases 2.Read the passage on P64 and do some related exercises Importances of teaching Improve student’s skill of reading Difficulties of teaching Master more vocabulary and get the main idea Teaching procedures Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 Step5 Revision Vocabulary 1.Review the important words and phrases together 2. Read through the words in the book with the whole class on P151―152. reading practice 1.Ask the students to open the book and read the passage Cloning and DNA on page 64 . 2.let the students deal with the questions in this part on P65(1-5) A C D D A 1. It is /was +…… that … 2. 主语从句 3. rely on 4. restrict 5. spit Reading practice 1.look at the title of the passge and the words in the box and decide one’s you are likely to see. 2.Read the text again and answer the questions.After reading ,find the paragraph which describe. Exercises 1.finish the words excises one by one 2.Do some reading exercises Summary and homework 1.Summarize the studying aims 2.Hand out exercises after class Master more vocabulary and read them fluently Improve student’s skill of reading and master the useful sentences. Read the passage individually . finish the questions in the text. Complete the activity individually 选修6 Module5 Period 3 主备人 授课时间及班级 Studying aims 1.review all th eimportant words and phrases 2.Read the passage on P67 and 69 and do some related exercises Importances of teaching how to undersand the rading material exactly Difficulties of teaching train the students’ integrating skills especially reading Teaching procedures Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 Step5 Revision .Review the important words and phrases together reading practice 1.Ask the students to open the book and read the passage on page 67 . 2 .choose the best main idea.the passage is about B 3. decide who the writer is B 4..choose the best answer on P68. AABAC Reading practice 1. read the passage in Cultural Corner individually. 2. answer the questions : what are the most important feature of described in Brave New World Exercises 1.finish the words excises one by one 2.Do some reading exercises Summary and homework 1.Summarize the studying aims 2. recite all the language points Master more vocabulary and read them fluently loudly enable the students to use the function ,and improve the students’ abilities Read the passage individually . Complete the activity individually and check the answers with the whole class 选修6 Module5 Period 4 主备人 授课时间及班级 Studying aims Master the Grammar: the Subjunctive Mood Importances of teaching Help students to learn and master the sentence pattern: If I were you… Difficulties of teaching How to help the students complete the activities about the Grammar Teaching procedures Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4 Vocabulary Review the words in the book with the whole class on P151-152. Grammar P62 Look at the sentences from the listening passage. Choose the correct answers. (1) Ask the students to do this individually, and then check with a partner. (2) Call back the answers from the whole class as complete sentences. Answers: 1.a 2.b 3.a 4.b Explanation 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 英语中有两种条件句：真实条件句和非真实条件句。真实条件句表示突出的`假设完全可以成为现实，谓语动词用陈述语气。非真实条件句表示所提出的假设实现的可能性极小或与事实相反，谓语动词用虚拟语气。虚拟语气也可以表示愿望、请求及建议等。 1.对现在的假设：表示现在实际上并不存在的情况。If+主语+were/v-ed…, 主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 2.对将来的假设：表示将来实现可能性非常小的情况。If+主语+should/were to +动词原形，主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形 3.对过去的假设：表示过去并不存在的情况。 If+主语+had+过去分词，主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 Summary and homework Summarize the studying aims Review the words in oral and master more vocabulary Listen to the tape carefully Pay attention to the usage of Subjunctive Mood Do the exercise on page 62 individually 选修6 Module5 Period 5 主备人 授课时间及班级 Studying aims 1.Review the words and phrases 2.Master
英语选修七教案 篇3
新目标任务型教学的特色理念：《新目标英语》是以任务为基础的语言教学，在教材的设计上，遵循了自然言语、情境真实性、语言形式为交流功能性服务、层层深入阶梯型发展语言能力、在做中学等最新教学原则和理念，注重引导学生体会文化差异，培养学生自主学习能力，完全符合教育部的《义务教育阶段英语课程标准》的要求。本教材的教学理念：“知识用于行动”，强调“语言应用”，培养“创新、实践能力”，发展“学习策略”。
人教社《新目标英语》教材的几大特色：
A. 图文并茂。一幅副充满情趣，幽默生动的画面，令你眼睛一亮。它不仅版面设计充满新意，而且在内容和结构方面更富有创意 更具时代感，更有现代气息，更加贴近学生的生活。学生一拿到课本后都爱不释手，迫不及待地翻阅。
B. 实用性强。每个单元的选材都来源于学生的学习和生活。紧紧地与学生的年龄特征、认知结构、生活经验联系在一起。如第一册的十四个话题：认识新朋友、教室里的物品、家庭成员、食品、购物、电影、参加社团、生活习惯、学习科目、国家与语言。第二册的十二个话题：邻居、动物、足球、职业、周末活动、音乐、人物性格与外貌、天气、节日、度假与休闲、流行文化、规章制度与日常生活。由于这些都是学生熟悉的话题，生活中经常碰到的事情，所以学生容易接受，学习热情自然也高。使教学活动由“要我学”转变为“我要学”。
C.注重交际。针对中国学生学英语普遍存在的“聋哑病”，教材设计了大量的听说读写材料。每个单元都有语言活动，且内容不同，形式多样，学生对这些活动充满兴趣，所以大家都能情绪高昂地参加pair work, group work, games等活动。学生们充满了自信，开心地练习说英语，教室里常常充满了欢歌笑语。同学们都喜欢上英语课，他们能为学以致用而感到兴奋，同时也体验到了学习语言的快乐。
D.词汇量大。第一册有词汇700个左右，第二册约450个，第三册约450个，第四册约400个， 第五册约500个，合计2500个。这一点正好达到《英语课程标准》5级的要求。大大丰富了学生的词汇量，让学生能更好地表达自己的所思所想。同时也要求学生必须采取有效的记忆单词的方法，就会事半功倍，否则难以适应教材的要求。这时学生特别需要教师的指导 .。
a.言语、情境真实性原则 (The authenticity principle)
任务的设计要提供给学习者明确、真实的语言信息。语言情境、语言形式等要符合交际的功能和规律。使学习者在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。
b.形式-功能性原则 (The form-function principle)
任务的设计注重语言形式和语言功能的结合。形式-功能性原则，旨在使学习者掌握语言形式的同时，培养其自我把握语言功能的能力;每一阶段任务的设计都具有一定的导入性，学生在学习语言形式的基础上，通过系列任务的训练，能够自己进行推理和演绎，从而理解语言的功能，并在交际中进行真实运用。
c.阶梯型任务原则 (The task dependency principle)
学习单元中任务的设计由简到繁，由易到难，层层深入，并形成由初级任务到高级任务并由高级任务涵盖初级任务的循环。在语言技能方面，遵循先听、读，后说、写的设计顺序，使教学阶梯式地层层递进。
自始至终引导学生通过完成具体的任务活动来学习语言，让学生为了特定的学习目的去实施特定的语言行动，通过完成特定的交际任务来获得和积累相应的学习经验。
英语选修七教案 篇4
It will be a product of AI(artificial intelligence) and it can do so many things for me,including helping me with all of my housework,especially cleaning the floor which i hate to do most.It could cook the meals anytime for my family.It could send me to school and fetch me from school instead of my parents.added up to all,it could also be my teachers,teaching me English and Math!What an assume robot it will be!With the breakthrough of technology,i strongly believe that my dream will come true oneday.
这将是一个产品的AI(人工智能)，它可以为我做很多事情，包括帮助我与我所有的家务，特别是清洁，我最恨做地板。它可以做饭都为我的家人。可以送我去学校接我，这也可能是我的老师，教我英语和数学!什么是机器人将承担!随着技术的突破，我坚信我的梦想会成真的一天。
He is a magical robot,he can chat with me,but also play many songs that I like to listen .But his most special is that he can paint a picture,and the paintings are particularly good.Because I also learn to draw,so this was especially pleased.
他是一个神奇的机器人，他可以和我聊天，还能放我喜欢听的歌曲。但他最特别的是他会画画，而且画的特别好。因为我也在学画画，所以这是特别高兴。
Sometimes,when I can not draw the human body and landscape,he would teach me how to draw this shape,how to use color,how to draw eyes and mouth,and so on.He solved many problems for me.For that,My painting levels increased a lot .
有时，当我不能画人体和风景，他会教我如何画这个形状，如何运用色彩，如何画眼睛和嘴巴，等等。他为我解决了很多问题。因此，我的绘画水平提高了很多。
英语选修七教案 篇5
I. Brief statements Based on the Unit 2
Integrating skills (WB) listening (WB) 7
TEACHING PLAN FOR UNIT 18 (Book 2B)
I. Brief statements Based on the Unit
This unit mainly talks about inventions and what qualities we should have to create new things.. All the activities, including Warming up, Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing, focus on this topic. Through this topic, the students not only get more information about inventions, but also learn what to do to develop creativity.
In addition, the students can learn some useful language points through the materials provided in each part, especially a lot of words and phrases, which are very helpful for the students to build up vocabulary about inventions. The Grammar-the attributive clause is also important. The given materials and exercises give the students an opportunity to learn grammar by using it. It not only helps the students learn to give definitions to new things, but also reviews this part of the grammar as a whole.
All of the activities are helpful for the students to improve their knowledge about language and their skills to use language.
1. Talk about inventions.
2. Practise describing inventions.
3. Review the Attributive Clause.
4. Write a process essay..
Period 1&2: warming up and reading
Period4: integrating skills (WB) and listening (WB)
GOALS:
To learn some basic knowledge about inventions in the 20th century which have changed our modern life so much..
Get the students to grasp the main idea of the passage and help them to understand the passage better.
Help the students to learn to be more creative.
Learn some useful words and expressions.
Show pictures of four great inventions of ancient China.
Say: Talking of inventions, we couldn’t help thinking of four great inventions of ancient China. Can you mention them? What are they?
China has a history of 5000 years. In history, four great inventions stand out in the hall of glory, which we are most proud of. They are the compass, paper, printing and gunpower. It shows that China led the world for centuries in science and technology in ancient times.
Show pictures of inventions in the 20th century which have changed our modern life so much.
Say: What inventions can you think of which are invented in the last century?
In the first twenty years:
In the 1940s and50s:
In the 1960s to 80s:
In the last ten years of the century:
3.Discussion:
Q1: What are the functions of the inventions?
Q2: Are there any disadvantages of these inventions? If so, what are they?
Q3: Do you like all these inventions? Why or why not?
Q4: Have you ever heard of any inventors? Who are they?
4.Warming-up:
Individual work: Is there anything you would like to invent? If so, what and why?
Practice: Match each picture with the correct description below.
5. Discussion:
1) Which of these “inventions” do you think would be useful? Why?
2) Are there any disadvantages in them? If so, what and why?
3) What can we do to improve them?
4) What can we do after inventing new things?
1) What do you think “high tech” means?
2) What do you think “state of the art” means?
Which one in the three pictures “is state of art”?
3) Can you think of any other “state of art”?
4 ) How did people make them? Did people make them by accident?
1) Are some people born creative, or is it be possible to be creative?
2) Do you have to be very intelligent to be an inventor?
3) How do people come up with ideas for new inventions? How many ways are mentioned?
Get the students to read the passage more carefully to carry out the following tasks:
1) Find out the meaning of each way.
2) Do some exercises, according to each way.
Think outside the box:
A plane crashed. Why nobody in the plane was injured?
When we cut a corner from a square-shaped desk with four corners, how many corners are left?
Why can a frog jump higher than a tree?
Take another look at it: Analyze some pictures.
Make connections: Some inventions made with connections
Keep trying: Some famous scientists that kept trying and succeeded.
3 True or False.
4 Deal with language points.
1) be born+ adj./n.
He was born blind.
She was born a singer.
Can scientists come up with ways of predicting tsunami（海啸）？
We must allow for the bus being late.
The car got stuck in the mud.
Taiwan is part of China. It can’t break away from China.
Are you aware of your mistake?
She became aware that something was burning.
1 The following examples have been fixed up. Can you place them in the right titles of the passage?
1) According to Leonardo da Vinci, problems which had seemed impossible could be solved if he changed the way he described the problem.
2) Thomas Edison made a rule saying that he had to make an invention every ten days.
3) Mozart, who lived in Austria, wrote more than 600 pieces of music.
4) Einstein, who changed the world of physics forever with his Theory of Relativity, preferred
images of numbers.
3) Samuel Moorse, the man who invented the telegraph, got his idea by watching a rider exchange a tired horse for a new one.
2 How do you understand the title of the passage?
3 What other rules should you have if you want to be creative?
4 Of all the rules above, which one do you think is the most important? Why?
Write a passage to tell what rules you should have if you want to be creative, which one is the
most important and explain the reasons.
GOALS:
To enable students to know how to protect the patent rights and what an invention should be like..
Improve the speaking ability.
Practise supporting an opinion.
Have a better understanding of intellectual property rights.
Teaching Procedures:
1. Pre-listening: Go through the questions in Part1 and ask Ss what we should do to protect our patent rights
2. While-listening: Listen to the tape and finish exercises in Part1&2.
Check the answers at last.
What should a new thing be like in order to be given a patent?
1.With the development of the technology, our society has greatly changed. Have a discussion:
1). What advantages have cars brought us?
(convenient, travel fast, supply more posts, …)
2). What benefits have we got from computers?
(get more information, make communication easier, develop economy …)
2. What do you think of the inventor?
(Make the Ss aware of the importance of knowledge and try to learn harder.
3. Suppose you have invented an inflatable bike, what should you do?
State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO) (国家知识产权保护局)
pay attention to the time limit of a patent
1. The patent officer will ask you some questions. Think over what questions will be asked?
1) How does you invention work?
2) Why are they useful?
3) What does it look like?
4) How much does it cost?
5) How do people use it?
… …
2. Now you are in the patent office and want to apply for a patent. Look at P38. Suppose you are one of the inventors, make a dialogue with a partner. One is the inventor and the other is the patent officer.
Model:
( I-inventor; P --- Patent officer)
P: Now, please explain how your inventions work and why they are useful. Your invention is a car that uses water instead of petrol, isn’t it?
P: What does it look like?
A: It looks like an ordinary car. Here’s the picture. Please have a look.
P: Oh, it looks beautiful. What’s it made of?
A: It’s made of a new kind of alloy, which is much lighter.
A:A little bit. But it can save much more energy, so lots of money is saved. Besides, there is something even more important. It is good for our environment. It doesn’t pollute the air.
P: Sounds great. Thank you.
1. Discuss: What qualities should one have to be an inventor to create new things.
2. Preview the integrating skills WB
3. Learn the new words of this unit by heart.
Integrating skills (WB) listening (WB)
GOALS:
Learn a reading passage to improve the students’ reading ability.
Listening practice to improve the students’ listening ability
Teaching Procedures:
Say : What are the Four Great Inventions of ancient
China?
As modern men, we are so used to so many inventions that we do not realize how much they have changed our lives. Eyeglasses and sewing machine are two examples. Another, and perhaps more obvious, example is television, which has so altered our way of life that we just cannot imagine what our life would be like without it.
What kind of modern invention do you know?
Reading the passage in your WB, Then discuss with your group members to complete the chart below with the information from the text
Invisible paint 1,interesting clothes
2,Help doctors see through the skin/hide things
Tiny robot help doctors operate on people in a safer and less painful way
Say: In our reading text, it describes new inventions and ideas. Some already exist and others may be come reality within 20 ,I will show you more inventions
Conclusion:
Every invention can be of great value .But it is an easy thing to make an invention.Everybody, I think have the answer. Before an invention, inventor must have an idea, then make experiments again and again .perhaps making many errors and at last gain success. Remember success comes from failure. Any invention also experiences many hardships.
Discuss: What qualities should one have to be an inventor?
George Stephenson ,a famous British inventors, made the first train, using a steam engine in 1825
Step 2 Listen to part1 of the tape .choose the best answers.
Step 3 Most great inventors often meet with a lot of trouble in their work. Listen to part 2
Homework:
1. Revise the Attributive Clause, including the Restrictive Clause and the Non-restrictive Clause.
2. Revise the use of relative pronouns and relative adverbs.
3. Tell the differences between the restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clauses, the attributive clause & the emphasis structure, and the attributive clause & the appositive clause
Teaching Important Point:
The usage of relative pronouns and adverbs
Teaching Difficult Point:
Help the students to master the way of choosing a relative pronoun or a elative adverb correctly, telling the differences between the restrictive and non-restrictive attributive clauses, the attributive clause & the emphasis structure, and the attributive clause & the appositive clause
Teaching Procedures:
1) He is a famous scientist.
2) Who’s that girl in red?
3) I’ve read all the books that you lent me.
4) I have lost my pen, which I like very much.
T: Now look at the sentences on the screen. Pay special attention to the underlined parts. Is there anything in common between them?
S: Yes. They all identify the nouns, which are used with them. Each part tells us which thing or person the speaker is talking about.
T: That is to say, the function of each underlined part is the same. Each of them is used as an attributive to describe each noun. Well, are there any differences between them?
S: Yes. In he 1st sentence, the attribute is an adjective and put before the noun; the 2nd is a prepositional phrase put after the noun; the 3rd and 4th sentences are full sentences put after them.
T: You are right, what do we call the sentences put after them?
S: The Attributive Clause.
T: Quite right. In a complex sentence, the clause modifying a noun or a pronoun in the main clause is called an Attributive Clause. The noun or pronoun is called Antecedent. The word that/which introduces the clause (between the noun/pronoun and the clause) is called Relative Pronoun or Relative Adverb. The relative pronouns or adverbs do 2 jobs at once. They can be used as subjects, objects, attributes or adverbials in the clause; at the same time, they join clauses together. About the use of them, we’ll have particular revision after a while. The attributive clause the restrictive attributive clause
the non-restrictive attributive clause
The adjective clause noun/pronoun + the attributive clause
the antecedent (person/thing) the relative pronouns/adverbs + clause
Now look at the sentences on the screen. Do complete the sentences with suitable relatives.
1) I know the reason why he came late.
2) Do you know the woman, whose son went to college last year?
3) The house whose color is red is John’s.
4) This is the best film that I’ve ever seen.
5) That’s the town where he worked in 1987.
6) I have 2 brothers, who are both soldiers.
7) Next week, which you’ll spend in your hometown, is coming.
8) I’ve tried 2 pairs of shoes, neither of which fits me well.
Step 3: Summarize the Use of the relative pronouns and relative adverbs.
The use of the relative pronouns
Form 1:
The relative pronouns Referring to Function in the clause
That Person(s)/thing(s) Subject/object
Whose Person(s)/thing(s) (of whom/which) attributive
The relative adverbs Referring to Function in the clause
When (=at/in/on which) Time Adverbial of time
Where (=in/at which) Place Adverbial of place
Why (=for which) Reason Adverbial of reason
Notice:
1) Pay more attention to the agreement between the verb and the antecedent in person and number in the attributive clause, and then complete the sentences:
⑴ Those who want to go to the cinema must be at the school gate by 3:30 p.m. (want)
⑵ Te who doesn’t reach the great wall is not a true man. (not reach)
⑶ The is the only one of the girls who has been to Beijing. (have)
⑷ He is one of the boys who have seen the film. (have)
Conclusion 1:
1） When a relative pronoun is used as a subject in the clause, the verb must agree with the antecedent in person and number.
2） When the antecedent is the structure “one of +n. (pl.)”, the verb in the clause must be plural, agrees with the plural form. However, if there is “the” or “the only very” before “one”, the verb in the clause must be singular, agrees with the word “one”.
2) Practice: complete the following sentences with suitable relatives:
(1) The time when/that I went to Tokyo is in 1982.
(2) I’ll never forget the time which/that I spent at college.
(3) The shop which/that I bought the book in is big.
(4) The shop where/in which I bought the book is big.
Conclusion 2: when the antecedent is a noun for time or place “when “or “where” is not always used to introduce the clause. It depends on the function of the relative word in the clause.
3) The difference between “that” and “which”.
Complete the following sentences with “that” or “which”.
(1) This is the 2nd article that I have written in English.
(2) It is the best film that he has ever seen.
(3) This is the very book that I want to read.
(4) All that they told me surprised me.
(5) They talked about the teachers and schools that they had visited.
(6) Who is the comrade that was there?
(7) There is a bed in the room that is still vacant.
(8) Our village is no longer the place that it used to be.
(9) He paid the boy for washing the windows, most of which hadn’t been cleaned at least a year.
(10) The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
(11) The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was going on inside the house.
Conclusion 3:
1)when the antecedent refers to thing(s), “that” is often used in the following cases:
(1) after ordinal number and superlatives
(2) after the following words: all, only, little, few, much, very, none, last, just, any(thing), every(thing), some(thing), no(thing).
(3) after two or more antecedents, referring to both person(s) and thing(s).
(4) after interrogative pronouns “which” or “who”.
(5) When the relative pronoun is used as a predictive in the clause.
(6) When the main clause begins with “there be “.
2) In the following cases, “which” is always used.
②to introduce a non-restrictive attributive clause.
③The whole main sentence is the “antecedent” of the relative clause, and there is always a comma.
More exercises:
Fill in the blanks with suitable relatives to complete the following sentences.
1) Tell me the reason why you were late for class.
2) Who is the girl that is speaking there?
3) This is Mr. Smith, who has something interesting to tell you.
4) The computer whose CPU doesn’t work has to be repaired.
5) This kind of computer, which is well-known, is out of date.
6) This is just the place that I’ve been longing to visit for years.
7) His mother is an engineer, which makes him very proud.
8) The old man has 4 sons, three of whom are doctors
Step 4: The attributive clause and the appositive clause
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion. proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等表示抽象意义的名词。而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。如：
We are looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.
Word came that he had gone abroad.
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.
你找的那位医生在房间里面。（定语从句，名词the doctor作先行词）
Our team has won the game, which makes us very happy.
His mother did all she could to help him with his study.
他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴；而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：
The news that our team has won the game is true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true.
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句，that 从句作定语修饰news)
I made a promise that if anyone set me free, I would make him very rich.
我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句，补充说明promise)
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.
妈妈做出了一个令她的孩子们高兴的许诺。（定语从句，that从句作定语修饰promise。）
三、从引导词及其在句子中的成份上区别有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。如：
That question whether we need it has not been considered.
I have no idea what has happened to him.
引导词that引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语或宾语（指物时还可以用which代替），并且作宾语时常常省略。That在同位语从句中仅起连接作用，不充当任何成份，并且不能省略，也不能用which来代替。
The order that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.
我们应派几个人去帮助别的几个小组的命令昨天已收到了。（同位语从句，是对order的具体解释，that虽不作成份，但不能省略）
The order (that) we received yesterday was that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups.
我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。（定语从句，是名词order的修饰语，that在从句中作received的宾语，可以省略）
Step 5: The attributive clause and the emphasis structure
强调句型的句式结构为：“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who从句”。在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，一律用that，而不用when, why或how；在强调主语和宾语时，如果主语和宾语指代人，则可用who和whom来代替that, 但是从句中的人称和数要与被强调的主语和宾语保持一致。这些都容易与定语从句混淆。
定语从句和强调句型的判断方法：若将句中的“It is/was”和“that/who”去掉，而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句型；若句子结构不完整，则说明原句为定语从句。
1) It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcasts began. (1995高考卷)
A. while B. which C. that D. since
2) ____ was his kindness that everyone praised him.
3) It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are. (高考卷) A. one B. that C. what D. it
4) It was ____ he came to Macao ____ he knew what kind of place it was.
A. that; when B. until; that C. not until; when D. not until; that
5) ____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
6) It was not until we came back from outside ____ out of his bed.
A. did he get B. when he got C. that he got D. then he got
7) When was it ____ you met him in the library?
A. where B. that C. in which D. which
8) It was near the place ____ there is a bomb ____ we found the dead man.
A. where; where B. where; that C. that; where D. that; that
Keys: 1)C; 2)A; 3)B; 4)D; 5)D; 6)C; 7)B; 8)B;
Review the Attributive Clause and finish all the grammar exercises in the workbook.
GOALS:
Learn a reading passage to improve the students’ reading ability.
英语选修七教案 篇6
I Teaching Objectives:
1. Develop the ss’ ability of reading sub-skills----------scanning.
2. Develop the ss’ writing skills.
III Key Points and Difficult Points:
Key Points: Check the exercises, solidate their knowledge about this unit and fulfill the task of fast reading.
Difficult Points: Enable the students to understand the three funtions of art and to use them.
V Teaching Procedures:
Step1. Check the answers.
Activity1. continue to check exercises of vocabulary.
Exercise3: explain the words above first and ask the whole class to read them twice and ask on group to give me their answers and then ask their classmates on the same row to translate them.
Exercise4: explain the words in bold first and ask the students to read them twice and then ask on group to translate them.
Exercise5: leave it to the end of the class.
Activity2. check the exercises of Grammar.
Exercise1: read the example first and explain it briefly, then ask one group to give me their answers. Also mention some phrases: fix one’s bike, 修理自行车, take one’s temperature, 量体温, mend, 修补.
Exercise2: ask one group to give me their answers.
Step2. Reading---the function of art
Activity1. Scanning---find out the three functions of art in society.
T: well, just now. we have finished our exercises on vocabulary and grammar, now let’s do some reading. Please look at page99, the function of art 艺术的功能, function means 功能 We say the function of eyes is to see. If the eyes can’t see, will we call them eyes?
T: so if the art has no functions ,it can’t be called art. so what functions does art have? Please scan the whole passage carefully and find three functions of art, 3 minutes, quickly.
t: have you found them?
S: first of all,….., another function……, finally,……
T: good. There are indicative words, so you can find them easily. Ok, now, let’s see each of the function together.
Activity2. Explain each function.
T: the first funtion is to decorate. It means art can make our environment more beautiful. For example, if we put something on the walls, we are decorating our room. So this is the function of decoration. And the function of enriching our life means art can help people to learn to think creatively. Art objectives are sometimes funny and we can hardly tell what they are. Art is also a way of instruction
Activity3. do exercise4 on page 100
T: now turn to page 100, let’s see exercise 4. what’s the main function of each art works?
T: now we know the functions of art. It is to decorate, to enrich our life and to instruct. In the first lesson you said our classroom is not beautiful, so why don’t you use art works to decorate it, to enrich our life? I think you must have many ideas. Now let’s have a discussion. How to decorate our classroom? Here are some questions to help you.
(slide1. explain the questions briefly)
T; Now discuss with your partner, I will give you 4 minutes.
T: ok, time is up. What’s your plans? Any volunteers?
Step4. Writing.
T: well, you have good ideas indeed. It is a pity that we don’t use them. This time I want you to write them down as a letter. You give this letter to me and suggest me accept your plans on how to decorate our classroom. Do you remember how to write an English letter?
(slide2. explain briefly on how to write a letter and what they can write in the letter)
T: ok. This is our writing work this unit. Now, let’s see the translation exercise on page 97. Please check it carefully.
T: ok, time is up. Today’s homework is to write a letter. Remember that tomorrow we will have a dictation. See you tomorrow.
S; see you.
Slide1.
Discussion: Decorating our classroom.
Questions to help:
1. Shall we have something on the wall?
Posters? Photos? Maps? Paintings? Calligraphy(书法)? And what functions do they have?
2. How can we get them?
Buy some from the shops? Ask for some from our art teachers? Make them by ourselves? And why?
3. Where shall we put them?
On the left/right of the blackboard at the front/back?
On the wall that is beside the door?
On the wall that is between the windows?
4. Shall we put something in the corner(角落)? And why?
5. Shall we have something on the ceiling(天花板)? And why?
What other spaces do you think can be decorated and how to decorated them?
A letter to Mrs Cai about decorating our classroom:
Although all of our classmates feel very happy in our classroom, I think the classroom will be more beautiful if more decorations are made.
Our walls are all white. I think we should put something on the wall. For example, a calligraphy of “Knowledge is power.” Can encourage us to learn more. We can put it on the wall that is between the windows, so that as soon as we open the door of our classroom we can see it. And we need not buy it. We can have some student write it. I know…..writes very well. Besides, we can put some flowers in the corner because it can enrich our lives and make our classroom more lively.
Yours sincerely/faithfully,
╳ ╳ ╳
slide3:
Workbook; page 97; exercise 5; translation.
1. This building is designed so that it looks like a bird’s nest. Most people who have seen it would agree that it is an interesting design.
2. This cup of tea tastes special. Yes, I know. There’s a taste of honey in it.
3. The ship from Dalian to Shanghai is sailing in ten minutes. The sailors are pulling up the sail.
4. The Spring Festival was coming. Mum wanted the doors painted, so Dad bought the best paint.
英语选修七教案 篇7
I. 单元教学目标：
2． Talk about likes and preferences
5． Write a letter to give suggestions
1． 功能句式。
Talk about likes and preference:
I’d prefer…/ I’d rather…/ I’d like…/ which would you prefer…./ I really prefer…/ would you rather…/ would you like…or…
abstract, sculpture, gallery, consequently, belief, consequent, convince, shadow, ridiculous, controversial, nowadays, attempt, predict, aggressive , scholar…
if I were you…./ I wish I could…
1. there are so many different styles of western art it would be impossible to describe all of them in a short text.
2. people became focused more on human and less on religion.
3. if the rules of perspective had not been discovered, people would not have been able to paint such realistic pictures.
4. at the time they were created, the impressionists’ painting were controversial but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we now call “modern art”.
5. it is amazing that so many great works of art from late-19th century to 21st century could be contained in the same museum.
1st period Warming up and reading
The First Period Warming up Reading
Teaching goals：
1. To enable the students to have a knowledge of the short history of Western painting.
2. To improve the students’ reading ability.
Teaching important & difficult points
Enable the Ss to talk about the short history of Western painting
Skimming and scanning; individual, pair or group work; discussion
A computer, a tape recorder and a projector.
To lead in such a topic by mentioning the sculptures or paintings around the students, for example, sculptures on the campus, famous paintings hanging on the walls of the corridor of the school building, etc. Ask Ss to figure out their functions and the general term to call them---the works of art
Show some famous paintings and ask : Do you know the following famous paintings and painters?
Mona Lisa Smile → Leonardo Da Vinci (Italian, 1452-1519)
Sunflowers & starry night → Vincent van Gogh (Dutch, 1853-1890)
Water Lilies → Claude Monet (French, 1840-1926)
Dream & Seated woman → Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881-1973)
Ask: Can you tell the ages of the paintings?
Say : Today we’ll learn about the short history of western painting.
1. Comparison: Make a comparison of Western and Chinese painting and ask: Which do you think has a greater change? Why?
Read Para. 1, and answer the question.
Scan Para2-5, and find the representative artists and the features of their paintings.
Names of Ages Time Artist Feature
The Middle Ages 5th to 15th century Giotto Di Bondone religious, realistic
The Renaissance 15th to 16th century Massaccio perspective, realistic
Impressionism Late 19th to early 20th century ／ detailed, ridiculous
Modern art 20th century to today ／ Controversial, abstract, realistic
Read the text carefully and find some detailed information.
The Middle Ages Features:
2. Artists were not interested in showing nature and people as…but interested in creating respect and love for God.
Masaccio：the first person to use perspective in painting
1. Focused more on humans and less on religion.
2. Two developments: a. Drawing things in perspectives
b. Oil painting.
1. What changes led to the change in painting styles?
2. Look at these paintings, what did they paint?
3. Why did the impressionist have to paint quickly?
Concentrate on Certain qualities
of the object What we see with our eyes
Presentation Color, line and shape photograph
Ask the students to read the passage again and deal with Exercises.
1. Underline the useful expressions and the time expressions in the reading passage.
2. Retell the passage with the help of the chart about the text.
The Second Period Language Study
Teaching goals:
To enable the students to learn the useful expressions.
To help the students lean how to judge the parts of speech according to the suffixes and determine their functions in the sentences.
Teaching important & difficult points:
Get the Ss to learn word formation by adding suffixes
Teaching methods:
Teaching aids:
A computer and a projector, a blackboard
Teaching procedures & ways:
Check the students’ homework and let one read their work.
1. Ask Ss to speak out the time expressions they underlined as homework
2. Ask a student to retell the short history of western painting
3. Ask Ss to discuss the questions in Exercises 3 on page 3 in groups of 4.
Art is influenced by beliefs of the people, the way of life and so on.
1. Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is a speaking picture.
画是无言的诗, 诗是有声的画。
2. Good painting is like good cooking; it can be tasted, but not explained
好的画犹如佳肴，可以品其美味，却无法解释。
I would rather walk than take a bus.
She would rather die than lose her child.
would rather do sth.
would rather not do sth.
would rather do sth. rather than do sth.
prefer sth. to sth.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.
Consider + n. + adj./ n. + to be/ n. + as /+that-clause/ it + adj. / + n.+ to do sth.
We consider that you are not to blame.
Do you consider it wise to interfere?
I consider you( to be )honest.
fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”
1) No dish suits all tastes. 没有人人合口味的菜。
2) Try the new key and see if it fits the keyhole.
试试新配的钥匙，看看与锁眼是否吻合。
3) The people’s Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tian An Men beautifully.
人民大会堂和历史博物馆与天安门陪衬得极为优美。
The prisoner attempted an escape / to escape.
She will attempt to beat the world record.
n. They made no attempt to escape.
7.painting (油、水彩）画drawing（素描）图sketch草图 portrait肖像illustration 插图
A painting of sbA painting by sb
某人的画 ？ 某人画的画？
an abstract painting 抽象画 in the abstract 抽象地 abstract …from… 从…中提取
9.detailed adj./n. detailed information in detail 详细地
It’s my belief that he will win.
It was once a common belief that the earth is flat.
Their beliefs in God are very firm. 信仰，信条
The rumor is beyond belief. beyond belief难以置信
n---v: belief--- believe life --- live proof--- prove safe--- save thief --- thieve
Some people respect him, while others look down upon him . ( 表对比 )
12.influence v. n.
The weather in summer influences the rice crops .
He has no influence over his children .
搭配：Have an influence on /upon …对…有影响
Under the influence of … 受….的影响 ，被 …左右
13.aim n. v.What is your aim in life ? He aimed the gun at a bird .
搭配：:achieve one’s aim达到目的 miss one’s aim未击中目标without aim 无目的的
“ please take your place , everyone ,” said John Smith .”
From now on I will take the place of Mr.George as chairman of the meeting .
15.focus vt. Vi . focus on 集中于 All eyes were focused on the speaker .
16. possession n.所有，占有;（ pl ）所有物，财产personal possessions
Compare:
in possession of (主动） / in the possession of （被动）
I managed to convince them that the story was true.
搭配：convince sb of sth = convince sb that … 使… 相信
be convinced of sth = be convinced that …相信…
Translation :
我怎样才能让你相信她的诚实呢？How can I convince you of her honesty?
她说的话使我认识的我错了。What she said convinced me that I was mistaken .
18. 修饰不可数名词：a great /good deal of / a great amount of
修饰可数名词: a large /great number of ;large/great numbers of ;a great /good many
修饰不可数名词或不可数名词: a lot of / lots of ; a large quantity of /large quantities of
19.mostly adv . ( =mainly , largely )大部分的，主要的
They are mostly students.
This is the most I can do for you.
Peter made the most mistakes of all the class.
What interested you most? ( 最)
Most students say that it is a most interesting book, but it isn’t the most interesting they have read , and that they read such books mostly on weekends.
The heavy rain leads to serious floods.
Hard work leads to success and failure often lies in laziness. (result in / result from)
21. shadow n.
The willow’s shadow falls on the lake .
Stay in the shade ------it’s cooler . (阴凉处)
The shadows of the trees grew longer as the afternoon went on.
随着下午时光的延续，树影会越来越长。
Let Ss learn some uses of suffixes
Ask Ss what suffix is ( A suffix is a particle, which is added to the end of a root.
Suffixes usually do not change the meaning of the root, but can change its part of speech. For example: lead (v.)---leadership (n.); ill(adj.)---illness(n.) But sometime, some suffixes add new meaning to the newly formed words. For example: meaning---meaningless; think--- thinker
1. Suffixes used as a noun signifier
2. Suffixes used as an adjective signifier
act/imagine -ive/-tive -ative/-itive active
3. Suffixes used as an adjective signifier
broad fright -en broaden, frighten
Get the Ss to review the uses of verbs, nouns and adjectives.
Parts of Speech Nouns Verb Adjective
Subject ☆
Object ☆
Predicate ☆
Predicative ☆ ☆ ☆
Objective Complement ☆ ☆
Attribute ☆
Then practice Exercises 2, 3 &4 on page 42.
Prepare to learn the grammar of the subjunctive mood.
1. To enable the students to use the Subjunctive mood correctly in different situations.
Teaching important and difficult points
To enable the students to use the correct form o f of the subjunctive mood.
Summarizing, comparative method; practicing activities
Teaching procedures:
At first, give the students an example to present what the subjunctive mood is and in what situation we should use the subjunctive mood. Then, show them the sentence structure of the subjunctive mood.
Ask Ss to listen to the following example:
Suppose I’m a basketball fan. Yao Ming is coming here to play a basketball game this evening. But unfortunately, I haven’t’ got a ticket for it. I feel sorry about that and what should I say in this situation? I will say: I wish I watched the basketball game. / If I had got a ticket, I would go to watch the basketball game. Have you ever heard such kind of sentences?
They use subjunctive mood. The subjunctive mood is used when we want to express a wish, request, recommendation or report of a command. Also the subjunctive mood is used to express something that is contrary to the fact, highly unlikely or doubtful.
We can use the following tow sentence structures to express our regretting.
Now were/ did would/could/should/might +V（原）
Past had done would/could/should/might+have+p.p.
Futrue were /did would/could/should/might +V（原）
now wish would do / could do / were /did
future wish would do/ could do / were / did
3. as if /though + Clause 虚拟 从句动作与主句动作同时发生用过去时
4.It’s (about/high) time +(that)…过去时 /should +V. (Should不可省略)
5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气 宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即:1. insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。
6.without和but for 构成虚拟. but for(要不是)
If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again!
8. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形
9. 某些简单句的固定句型：
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。(“各归各” 的原则）
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
2. 虚拟条件句倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。
Exercises for the Subjunctive mood.
Ask the Ss to do Exercise 1 & 2 in Discovering useful structures on page 4 and Exercises 1-4 on page 43.Then check the answers.
Prepare for the Listening and Talking on page 41.
Teaching goals:
1. To read about the best of Manhattan’s art galleries and develop the students’ interest in art.
2. To help the students improve listening skills.
3. To enable the students to talk about art galleries and write a letter giving suggestions.
Teaching procedures:
Show pictures of some famous art galleries around the world: Chinese Art Gallery, The Frick Collection, Guggenheim Museum, Metropolitan Museum Of Art, British Museum, Louvre Museum in France and so on.
1. Fast reading:
Ask Ss to read the passage about art galleries on page 5, and answer the question: How many galleries mentioned in this text? What are they? What can you see there?
2. Careful reading:
Detailed reading to check Exercises 1& 2 below
After that, ask the Ss to listen to the recording and answer the questions in Part 3.
Play the tape for the students to follow and after that, check the answers.
Answer the following questions:
1. What do you think the purpose of this text is?
To give people information about various art galleries in New York and to show them where they are.
2. Who do you think the text was written for?
Tourists, art gallery visitors.
3. Where might you see such a text?
Possibly in guide book.
Step III Discussing and listening (P7)
ⅰ.Suppose you were staying in a hotel in Manhattan with Gao Yan, Susan and John. Now if you have a chance to visit art galleries, which galleries do you prefer? Why?
Ask the students to tell the group members which galleries introduced they prefer in groups of 4.
ⅱ.Ask the Ss to do some listening practice on page7
At first, ask them to listen to the tape for the first time and number the galleries.
Next, listen again and answer the questions.
At last, check the answers with the whole class.
First, ask the Ss to discuss the questions in Exercise 1 on page 8 in groups of 4, giving their own suggestions and reasons and then write a letter to give their opinions.
StepⅥ Homework:
1. Finish the writing task.
2. Prepare for the Reading task on page 45.
英语选修七教案 篇8
一、火眼金睛找不同的一项。5分。
()4. A. Maths B. English C. television
()5. A. hamburger B. sandwich C. traditional
1、在机场_______ 2、讲英语_______ 3、在三周时间内_______
4、在晚上_______ 5、在办公室_______ 6、在中国的北部_______
7、试穿这一个______ 8、对、、、很容易_______ 9、在书架C上______
( )1.—_____ did you come back? —We came back last Sunday
( )2. —Whose dress is this? —It’s ____.
( )3. Do you want to be_____ our football team?
( )4. —Can you control the ball? —________________.
A. Thank you B. Very badly, sorry C. You are welcome
( )5. She didn’t _____ an ice cream yesterday .
( )6. I can’t swim _____.
( )7. —______ does school start? —At nine o’clock .
( )8. These chicks can’t______.
( )9. This girl is deaf. She can’t _______.
( )10. Lingling is very good ___ basketball.
( )1.Did you learn music? A.It’me .
( )2.Who is going to go to the airport? B.She had hamburgers.
( )3.How did you go ? C.At ten o’clock.
( )4.What did she have for lunch? D.By bus .
( )5.When are you going to go there ? E.Yes,I,did.
1. you for trip Are ready your (?)
_________________________________________
___________________________________________
__________________________________________
4. you are go going to Where (?)
_________________________________________
5. you, thinking about, what, are, ( ? )
_________________________________________
六、趣味阅读，共20分。
This morning my father bought some milk for us . My sister doesn’t likemilk , and she gave her milk to me . I didn’t drink them . I will drink themtonight .
My sister is a very good girl . We are good friends . She studies very hard. And all of us like her very much . She wants to be a teacher .
( )1.Father bought us some milk .
( )2.I gave my milk to my sister .
( )3.I drank my milk .
( )4.My sister studies very hard .
( )5.My sister wants to be a doctor .
2.阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
Ms Smart and Amy went to a department store last week. Ms Smart wanted tobuy a coat for Amy. They looked at a blue coat. Blue is Amy’s favorite colour.The coat was nice. But it was too big for Amy. The sales assistant took a smallone. But it was white. Amy tried it. That was lovely. Amy liked it very much. Sothey took it.
( ) 1. Where did Ms Smart and Amy go last week?
A. A department store. B. A supermarket. C. Amy’s school.
( ) 2. Ms Smart wanted to buy a ____ for Amy.
( ) 3. What is Amy’s favorite colour?
A. Black. B. White. C. Blue.
( ) 4. The blue coat was too ___ for Amy.
( ) 5. Ms Smart and Amy took the ____ coat.
七、作文，10分。
暑假就要到了，你准备去哪里旅游呢?请把你需要的物品列个清单，(例如：衣服、鞋子、票、等，并把你打算要做的事情介绍两三件如：游泳、参观名胜。看望朋友或远方亲人等。(不少于8句话)
英语选修七教案 篇9
The analysis of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police.
对谋杀现场标本的分析为警察提供了一些有价值的线索。
in the final analysis总之, 最终仍是...; 归根结底是
in the last analysis总之, 最终仍是...; 归根结底是
The scientist analyzed the milk and found it contained too much water.
科学家分析了一下牛奶，发现里面含水分过多。
The chemist analyzed the new tonic and found it contained poison.
药剂师对这种新补药作了化验分析,发现有毒。
What is the value of your house?你的房子值多少钱？
In spite of this, many people are confident that 'The Revealer' may reveal something of value fairly soon.尽管如此,很多人都相信那个`探宝器'很快就能探测到一些有价值的东西。
Your help has been of great value.你的帮助很有价值。
He valued the ring at .他估计这枚戒指值80美元。
尊重；珍视I value your advice.我尊重你的劝告。
put [set) little value on 对...评价不高; 不怎么重视
put much value on 对...给予高度评价; 重视
set a value on估价, 评价(I asked him to set a value on the pictures. 我请他对这些画估个价。)
3 acquire vt.得, 得到, 获得; 招致;学得(知识等), 求得, 养成(习惯等)
We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English.我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。
We must cherish experience acquired at the cost of blood.我们必须珍惜用鲜血换来的经验。
acquired adj.已获得的, 已成习惯的, 后天通过自己的努力得到的
He's a sort of people who're incapable of deceiving you.他是那种不会欺骗你的人。
I sorted the books into big ones and small ones.
我把这些书整理成大的和小的两类。
“Sort out these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please.”
“请把这些文件整理一下,用夹子夹在一起。”
all sort(s) of (=of all sorts)各种各样的
of a sort同一种, 相当的, 勉强称得上的, 较差的, 所谓的
of the sort那样的; 这类的...., 诸如此类的...
out of sorts觉得不舒服, 情绪不佳, 心里不自在; 【刷】铅字不全
5 advance vt., vi advanced, advancing前进；增进
The troops advanced.部队向前开进。
The Allied troops are advancing on the camp of the enemy.盟军正在向敌军营地挺进。
进展；发展The work is not advancing.工作没有进展。
促进, 助长advance the growth of rice促进水稻生长
The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.
上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
in advance预先You must pay for the book in advance.你必须预先付书的钱。
6 moreover adv.而且；此外=What’s more=besides=in addition
“The price is too high, and moreover, the house isn't in a suitable position.”
“房价太高,而且房屋的地点也不太合适。”
enjoy general popularity享盛名, 受欢迎, 得众望
Mary speaks good English, but she has an advantage because her mother is English.
玛丽英语说得好，因为她有一个有利条件，她妈妈是英国人。
Many women think this is an advantage for men.许多妇女认为这是男人的优越之处。
Is there any advantage in getting there early?早到那里是否值得?
give sb. an advantage over使某人处于更有利的地位
take advantage of乘机利用;利用别人的弱点占便宜
to advantage有利地; 有效地;
to sb.'s advantage(=to the advantage sb.)对...有利
turn out to sb.'s advantage变得对某人有利
turn sth. to advantage使转化为有利, 利用某事物
win an advantage (over)取得(对...的优势)
put sb. at a disadvantage使某人处于不利地位
take sb. at a disadvantage乘隙攻击某人, 攻其不备
to sb.'s disadvantage对某人不利, 使某人吃亏
The accident occurred at five o'clock.事故发生在五点钟。
An idea occurred to me.我想到一个主意。
if anything should occur, ...如果发生什么事情的话,
It occurred to me that ...我刚刚想到...
10 course n.过程, 进程, 路线, 课程,
a river in its course to the sea流向大海的河
The ship was blown off course.那船被吹离航线。
a matter of course理所当然的事， 自然地， 势所必然
He quickly gained experience.他很快就有经验了。
Only after ten years in the country did she gain her citizenship.
她在这个国家住了十年后才取得了公民身份。
He gained weight after his illness.病后他的体重增加了。
Please turn the television down a bit.请把电视机音量关小点。
We are to turn out 100,000 586 computers next year to meet the market requirements.
我们计划明年生产十万台586计算机以满足市场需要。
Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.事情正如教授所预见的那样。
The plan turned out a failure.这项计划结果归于失败。
turn over (使)翻过来; (使)翻倒, (使)打滚；交给, 移交；熟思, 再三考虑
turn up找到；发现；被找到；（将底边折起）把（衣服）改短出现；来临；露面；把声音开大；把力量加大；发生（意想不到的事）
英语选修七教案 篇10
~ for ...
the recipe for cookies / living long
He thinks the only recipe for success lies in hard work.
他认为成功的唯一诀窍在于勤奋。
physical adj. 身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的
Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人。（真人不露相）
His bark is worse than his bite. 刀子嘴豆腐心。
Dogs always bark at strangers. 狗总是对着陌生人吠。
The officer barked out an order. 那军官大声发出命令。
4. acid n. 酸 adj. 酸的, 讽刺的, 刻薄的
She succeeded in the examination on her third trial. 在她第三次尝试时
The man was on trial for killing a person. 此人因杀人而受审。
They let me have / take the computer on trial for thirty days. 把......拿去试用
by / through trial and error 通过反复试验, 不断摸索
Only by trial and error will you find out what flowers grow best.
standard n. 标准, 规格 adj. 标准的, 权威的, 第一流的
the standard of living / living standards 生活水平
Mr. Li sets high standards of behavior for his students. 对学生的行为提出高标准的要求
His work is below / not up to the required standards. 不合格的，没有达到标准的
standard English pronunciation 标准的英语发音
a standard reference work 一部权威性参考书
War and disease thinned (down) the population. 战争与疾病使人口减少。
Thin a general word; someone has little fat on their body. It is usually (but not always) disapproving
Slim / slender means thin in an attractive way
Skinny means thin in an unattractive way
Lean means thin and looking strong and fit
Trees blocked my view. 树挡住了我的视线。
It's three blocks to the store from here.
a length of cloth / rope 一段布料/一根绳子
a length / depth / width... of 3 metres
The river is 500 metres long / in length.
12. contemporary n. 同时代的人 adj. 当代的, 同时代的
Shelley and Keats were contemporaries. / Shelley was contemporary with Keats.
Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
contemporary trends in design 现代（派）设计倾向
请注意这张账单必须在10天之内付清。
Please note that this bill must be paid within 10 days.
The pupil noted (down) what the teacher said. 学生记下了老师的话。
The newspaper does not note what happened next. 这家报纸没有说明随后发生的事情。
他在讲座上着重提到了这一问题的重要性。
He noted the importance of the problem in his lecture.
make / take a note of ...
Lily has a nice voice but she had trouble hitting the high notes.
leave sb. a note / leave a note for sb.
the application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods
apply vt.
apply to the consul for a visa 向领事申请签证
apply a theory to practice 把理论应用于实践
15. transparent adj. 透明的，显然的，明晰的
a boy of transparent honesty 一个非常诚实的孩子
name the child after both grandparents 以孩子祖父母的名字给他取名
Can you name all the plants and trees in this garden?
你能叫得出这个花园里所有花草树木的名称吗？
Please name the day for our wedding. 请你决定我们结婚的日子。
name sb./sth. (as) ...
The film was named best foreign film.
Michael has been named as the new chairman. 迈克尔被任命为新的董事长。
a boy by the name of ... / named...
under the name (of) 用...名字(指化名, 假名, 笔名等)
chemicals used to purify the water
pure adj. 纯的；纯粹的；纯净的；无垢的；纯洁的；完美的
pure silk / cotton / wool / gold / water / chocolate / English
18. quantity n.
buy sth. in (large / small) quantities
large/small quantities of + n. 谓语动词用复数
a large/small quantity of + n. 谓语动词单复数由名词决定
Large quantities of goods / food have been stored for the winter.
A large quantity of beer has been sold.
A large quantity of books have been sold.
a mass of / masses of + n. / 许多，大量
Before the rain, there were masses of dark clouds in the sky.
下雨前，天空有大片大片的乌云。
The sun makes up 99.9% of the mass of our solar system.
mass education / media 大众教育；大众传媒
20. powerful adj. 权力强大的，有势力的；有效的，作用大的；有影响的
a powerful drug / man / speech 强效的药/权力大的人物/有感染力的演讲
powerful reasons/arguments 有说服力的推理/论证
powerless adj.
the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇观
It's a wonder (that) no one got hurt. 难得
It’s no wonder (that) you've got a headache, the amount you drank last night.
I wonder at his rudeness / his allowing you to do that.
我对他的粗鲁/他允许你做那样的事感到奇怪。
I was wondering if / whether you'd like to come to dinner.
I wonder if I'll recognize Philip after all these years.
-- Is she serious?
-- I wonder. 我看不一定吧。
22. relief n. 解脱的感觉，安慰；(痛苦等的)减轻；(债务等的)免除；救助，救济
give a patient relief from pain / pain relief 使病人减轻痛苦
provide relief for refugees 救济难民
To our great relief, the children all arrived home safely.
The doctor said it was just the flu. What a relief! 谢天谢地
relieve vt.
Drugs helped to relieve the pain.
He rose and relieved her of her bags.
relieve sb. of their post / duties / command etc. 免除职务/职责/指挥权
23. fundamental adj. 基础的，基本的；重要的，必要的
a fundamental difference in opinion 看法的根本区别
Water is fundamental to survival. 水对于生存是必不可少的。
英语选修七教案 篇11
an official record of the accident事故的正式记录
make a recording of录制……
练练吧!
1. the score in a notebook.
A. kept a record B. kept the record C. recorded D. kept the record of
2.The police keep record of all the traffic accidents.(改错)
3.She (保持着世界记录) for the 100 meters.
4.You should (记录) how much you spend.
5.I’m fond of listening to r of famous singers ,such as CoCo Lee’s and Sun Yanzi’s.
6.She took her Sony tape r out of her bag and placed it down.
7.It all began in 1877 when Thomas Edison made the first r of a human voice.
二. contribute to 捐献……
练练吧!
1.所有的孩子把空余时间花听音乐会上了.
2.充足的新鲜空气有助于健康.
3.他的粗心大意是造成事故的原因.
三.It is certain/uncertain that … ……(不)确定(certain/uncertain不能用sure/unsure替换)
uncertainly adv.拿不准地 uncertainty n. 忧郁; 拿不准的事
练练吧!
1. 我们俩都不确定该怎么办.
2. I told him what I thought of him (直言不讳地).
3. I’m (不确定他会不会赢) in the round.
4. It’s what his role in the company will be, and he is a bit anxious about it at moment. A. certain B. uncertain C. sure D. unsure
5. They smiled at one another.
A. uncertain B. uncertainty C. uncertainly D. in uncertain terms
四. be superior to …超过… … ; 比… … 优越
be inferior to…劣于… …
练练吧!
1.这家公司比我三年前工作地那公司好.
2.我认为,手工做的裤子比机器做的好.
3.They are superior us numbers.
A. to ; in B. over ; to C. to ; by D. over ; by
4. He is my superior in knowledge .
He in knowledge.
练练吧!
1.这所房子是昨天才投放到市场出售的.
2. 在一个新产品上市前有许多事情要做.
六. wind ( wound wound )vt.上发条;缠;绕
练练吧!
1.你的表上发条了吗?
2.这条河蜿蜒流向大海.
3. This year has been too busy for me; I need a holiday .
A. winding up B. to wind up C. winding down D. to wind down
4. The wind is too strong; please wind the window .
apply to (sb /sth )(与某人/某物)有关; 有效; 适用于……
apply oneself to (doing) sth集中精力做某事
练练吧!
1.你应该立即申请,亲自去也好,写信也好.
2.这项新技术很快就用在了实践中.
3.我将去那家公司申请那项工作.
4.考试前每个学生都在集中精力学习.
5.这件事与你无关.
by popular demands由于许多人的要求,由于普遍要求
meet /satisfy one’s demands /needs满足某人的需求
demand sth要求, 需求……
demand to do sth要求做……
demand that 从句( 谓语为should+动词原形, should 可省略) 要求……
练练吧!
1.The key to the problem is to the demands by the customers.
A. solve; meet ; made B. solving ; meet ; made
C. solve ; met ; make D. solving ; meeting ; made
2.It is demanded that the play for another week.
A. runs B. will run C. run D. shall run
3.Good workers are always demand in the factory.
4.The workers demanded immediately.
A. being replied B. replying C. to be replied D. to reply
九.spring vi. (sprang sprung ) 跳,跳跃,弹起
练练吧!
1.Doubts have began to spring in my mind.
2.I have to spring this you at such short notice.
3.全镇各地很快盖起了新房子.
十. assume vt. 假设,设想,以为 .assumed adj. 假设的,假定的
assume that 从句 认为……, 假定……
练练吧!
1.I hope to go to college next year, always that I pass my exams.
A. assume B. to assume C. assuming D. assumed
2. (普遍认为) stress is caused by too much work.
3认为经济将继续好转是有道理的.
Key :
一.1.C 2.keep 后加 a 3. holds the world record 4. record /keep a record of
二. 1.All the children contributed their free time to the concert.
2. Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.
3.His carelessness contributed to the accident.
三. 1.We’re both uncertain about what to do. 2.in no uncertain terms 3. uncertain of his winning / uncertain whether he will win 4.B 5. C
四.1. This company is superior to the one I worked at three years ago.
2. In my opinion, trousers made by hand are superior to those by machines
五. 1. This house only came onto the market yesterday.
2.Many things need to be done before a new product comes onto the market.
六.1. Have you wound your watch?
2. The river winds down to the sea. 3. D 4. C
七. 1. You should apply immediately, in person or in letter.
2. The new technology was soon applied in practice.
3.I will apply to the company for the work.
4.Every student applies themselves to studying before the exams.
5.This case does not apply to you.
九1.C 2 .B 3.New houses were springing up all over the town.
十.1.C. 2.It is generally assumed that
3.It is reasonable to assume that the economy will continue to improve.
1 familiar adj.
be familiar with ------ 对 ------ 熟悉
Complete the following sentences:
我对这个城市很熟悉。
I am _______ __________the city.
= The city is ______ _______ me.
2 up to-----
It is up to sb. to do --------
sb be up to (doing) sth.
单项填空：
(1) -- Shall we eat out or stay in ?
-- ________.
A. It’s up to you B.It depends on you.
C. Well, I’m looking forward to it D. Good idea.
(2 ) – What have you been _____ these days?
-- Preparing for my daughter’s wedding party.
1 measure vt /vi. n.
measure sb./sth. Against sb./ sth.
measure up ---
take measures to do----
单项填空：
The main bedroom _________ 12ft by 15ft.
C. measures D. is being measured
__________________________________.
2 suitable adj.
sb is suitable to do sth.
Sth. is suitable for sb.
单项填空：
The dress is not suitable ________ for the party.
3 倍数的常见句型：
---- times as adj. as -----
---- times＋比较级+ than----
---- times the + n. ( size, length, width, depth,etc,) of ----
单项填空：
(1) At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _______ Great Britain.
A. three times the size as B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of D. three times as the size of
(2) – Is this stick long enough?
-- No, I need one ________.
A. twice so long B. so long twice
C twice as long D. as long twice
1 be based on-----
at the base of-----
单项填空：
(1) We need actual facts _____ our thinking.
A. on which to base B. which to base on
C. on which to be based D. which to be based on
______________________________________.
2. expose vt.
expose ----- to-----
单项填空：
(1) He smiled suddenly, __________ a set of amazing white teeth.
A. exposed B. exposing C, to expose D. being exposed
(2) _______ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
3 equal adj. / vt.
be equal to-----
完成句子：（实用文书网 wwW.weI508.CoM）
He _______ ( 不能胜任) his position.
Mary _________(与---一样) Bill in brains.
4. associate --- with---
与---联系在一起” ,“和---来往” ,“和---公事”
Eg. We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution.
完成句子：
我真的不想和他们交往了， 我不喜欢他们的想法。
I really do not want to __________ ; I don’t like the ideas.
5. have faith in---
Lose faith in---
单项填空：
(1) I ___ you-I know you’ll do well. ( which of the following is wrong.)
A. have faith in B. believe in C. trust D. believe
(2) We have a great faith _______ we will realize our dream in time.
A. that B. which C. whether D. what
9一个住在英国的美国人An American living in the US
15在某种程度上to some /a certain degree
26某人忙于某事sb.be up to sth.
1.在我看来,手工制作的玩具要比机器加工的要好的多.
In my opinion ,toys made by hand are____ _____those made by machine.
2.这项研究成果将应用于癌症的治疗.
The result of this research will be ____ ____ the treatment of cancer.
3.她要求把一切告诉她.
She _____ that she should___ ____ everything .
4.在母亲的陪伴下,他来到了这个陌生的城市.
______ ____ his mother , he came to the strange city.
5.八月份那里的天气可能会很冷.
It ___ _____ ___ be cold in August there.
6.这种油漆能经受各种各样的天气.
This kind of paint can ___ ______ _____all kinds of the weather.
7.总体上说,女性的体力不及男性.
On the whole, women are not ____ ____ men in physical strength.
8.正如老师说的,男生们都喜欢科幻小说.
____ the teacher has said ,detective story are ____ ____boy students.
9.人门总是把苏格兰和威士忌联系在一起.
Whisky ___ usually _____ _____ Scotland.
10.虽然她有很多缺点,我还是很信任她.
I still have _____ _____ her____her shortcomings.
完成句子的答案:
(1.superior to 2,applied to 3,demanded be told 4, accompanied by
5,is likely to 6,be exposed to 7, equal to 8,As popular among
9,is associated with 10 faith in despite)
1.We’ve invited 50 people a____________.
2.I like listening to r__________ of famous singers.
3.Plenty of fresh air c______________ to good health.
4.The kind of machine is protected by p___________ so only this factory has the right to produce it.
5.I’m very nervous ,so I must ask you to a_________me to the police station.
6.It’s said that there will be a live b__________ of a baseball game on TV next Tuesday.
7.When a__________ for a job,your should offer your detailed information.
8.Can you give me the a_________ figures,not an estimate or a guess.
9.They drove along with all the car windows w_________ up.
10.No one lived in the old house for many years ,weeds were s________ up every where.
11.I m_______ asked his name and address .
12.We have provided seats for the c________ of our customers.
13.He smiled suddenly ,e_________ a set of amazingly white teeth.
14.John gave me a g_________ that it wound never happen again.
15.Drugs should not be taken without c_________
16.One kilogram is e_________ to 1000 grams.
17.He is my s___________ in knowledge. He often helps me.
18.Scientists have recently supplies us with some (令人担心的)findings.
19They would not __________(承认) that cancer is associated with smoking .
20 It took more than two ____________(十年) for colour broad casts to begin in the USA .
21.the salesperson showed us a new___________(便携的)cassette tape player.
22.I________(假定)him to be an honest man..
23.There are (种类) of patterns to choose from .
24 The ______(利润) in this business are not large .
25 It’s hard to ________(估计)his ability when we haven’t seen his work .
26 Mp3 is especially __________(适合)for those who travel a not.
27 Do you have _________(令人信服的) reasons for your absence .
28 Plastics often slowly and can easily be ____________(成型) while they are soft .
29 The aim of university should be the ________(促进) of learning.
30 _______(先前的) to this , scientific experiments didn’t show a definite link.
KEY: 1_5 altogether records contributes portable accompany
6_10 broadcast applying actual wound springing
11_15 merely convenience exposing guarantee caution
16_20 equal superior worrying acknowledge decades
21_25 portable assumed varieties profits measure
26-30 suitable valid (convincing) shaped advancement previous
